为了帮助大家高效备考托福，蘑菇教育小编为大家带来从BBC报道北京雾霾中学习托福写作高级表达，希望对大家备考有所帮助。

　　以下英文内容摘自12月19日(今早)的BBC新闻

　　■The red alert - the highest of a four-level alert system instituted [制定] two years ago - also triggers restrictions on vehicle use, factories and construction work.

　　解析：triggers restrictions on vehicle use, factories and construction work是“使政府出台了车辆限行制度，出台了限制工厂生产以及限制建筑工程进度的制度”。首先，trigger可看作cause的升级版。其次，这个英译汉一定要注意，不能生硬地翻译为“引发了在车辆使用，工厂和建筑工作上的限制”。相反，适当地增减与重复(中文不怕重复)一些词汇可使中文翻译变得得体而不生硬。

　　■The government has promised to take action to address often dangerous levels of pollution.

　　解析：take action to address是“采取措施以应对”，可看作do something to deal with的升级版。

　　■The Chinese capital will see hazardous smog from Saturday until Tuesday, the official meteorological [气象的] service said.

　　解析：hazardous smog是“危险的雾霾”，hazardous可看作dangerous的升级版。

　　■Beijing authorities [北京当局] have advised residents to avoid outdoor activity and for schools to stop classes.

　　解析：have advised residents to是“建议市民”。在托福独立写作中，很多考生都喜欢写suggest somebody to do something，这是不对的。应该是advise somebody to do something。

　　■Beijing resident Cheng Xianke expressed concern for the health of the elderly and children. He told Reuters: "For us who commute to work [乘车上下班] it's not so bad but still I'm very concerned about the pollution. I think the government needs to put more effort into solving this."

　　解析：expressed concerned for可看作were worried about的升级版;the elderly是old people的委婉说法;put more effort into solving this可看作do something more to solve this的升级版。

　　■Coal-powered industries and heating systems - in heavy use during the cold Beijing winter - are major contributors to the smog.

　　解析：are major contributors to the smog可看作have mainly caused the smog。

　　■China still depends on coal for more than 60% of its power, despite big investments in renewable energy sources.

　　解析：despite big investments in renewable energy sources可看作although it (China) has invested a lot in renewable energy sources的升级版，因为高级英语倾向于使用介词短语与分词，这样显得更简单，而且不用考虑时态。如果大家想写出高质量的托福独立作文，不妨注意一下这一点。

　　■The government is coming under increasing pressure to deal with the problem.

　　解析：coming under increasing pressure是托福独立写作开头段的常用语言点，因为很多考生喜欢写“人们的压力越来越大”，那就是People are coming under increasing pressure。

　　■Long-term exposure to high levels of dangerous particulate [粒子] matter in smog - PM2.5 - has been linked to lung damage and respiratory illnesses.

　　解析：这句话的意思是“人如果长时间暴露在雾霾里，其中高浓度的危险颗粒物质(也即PM2.5)就可能导致肺部受损或使人患上呼吸道疾病，这是有一定科学依据的。”这句话的has been linked to很难翻译，请大家仔细体会。这句话有高级英语的鲜明特征——名词结构，但翻回汉语的时候，就要加上人等主语，否则显得生硬。

　　以上是蘑菇教育小编给大家整理的托福写作高级表达，希望对你有所帮助!